Journal for Social Science Archives

The Interplay between Principal’s Instructional Leadership and Teachers’ Professional Development

Bashir Ahmad — 2024-11-14

This study examines the relationship between instructional leadership of school principals with teachers’ professional development. A quantitative correlational research approach was adopted to collect data from 959 secondary school teachers using a survey technique in four districts of Malakand division, KP. The primary objective was to quantify the relationship between principals’ instructional leadership (PIL) and its three dimensions (defining the school mission (DSM), managing instructional programs (MIP), and developing the school learning climate (DSLC)) and teachers’ professional development (TPD). The data was analyzed using statistical tools, including linear and multiple regression techniques. The findings revealed principals’ instructional leadership’s positive and robust impact on teachers’ professional development. The analysis also unveiled that each sub-construct of principals’ instructional leadership DSM, MIP, and DSLC contributes to teachers’ professional development. The findings suggest that PIL and its dimensions are theoretical constructs and critical factors in shaping TPD. The results have significant implications for educational practices and policy development. By understanding the distinct contributions of DSM, MIP, and DSL, targeted interventions can be designed that leverage these sub-constructs to improve educational outcomes practically and effectively.

How does Service Characteristics and Corporate Social Responsibility Matters in Customer Retention and Bank Reputation: An Evidence from the Banks of Pakistan

Hafiz Muhammad Arslan Arshad — 2024-11-14

Previously very few studies examining the connection among service quality dimensions and performance of the company in the service industry especially in Pakistan. In Pakistan's banking business, the link between consumer expectations and perceptions of service quality features, as well as assessing their impact on customer retention and bank reputation, is still unclear. The major goal of this investigation is to determine the connection and causal influence of service quality characteristics on customer retention and bank reputation through the mediating effect of customer trust and relationship quality. In order to conduct this research a sample size of 350 will be used to fulfill the requirement of the research. Out of 350 questionnaire researcher received 338 responses the researcher neglect 23 responses because he found extreme abnormal rate of response and researcher found 315 acceptable responses. After data collection, the researcher uploaded data from questionnaire replies to Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 24 software for reliability analysis, frequency tables, descriptive statistics (Mean, Median, Mode, Variance, Standard Deviation, and Range) and correlation. After that researcher check the validity and hypotheses testing by using Analysis of moment structure (AMOS) 23. The current study to explain that there is favorable connection among service quality dimensions and CSR on customer retention and bank reputation. However, the study examines that customer trust and relationship quality had a positive mediating role between service quality dimensions and CSR on customer retention and bank reputation.

Total factor Productivity and its Contribution to Economic Growth of Pakistan

Aimen Shah — 2024-11-14

This research discusses the importance of total factor productivity i.e. employed labor force, stock of capital and energy consumption that plays an important role in accelerating output growth for Pakistan’s economy. The results shows, that Pakistan productivity performance is not improving and now it is high time for Pakistan to shift its focus on investments in (R&D) activities. Results do not support that GDP growth in Pakistan has been motivated by increased use of labor and capital only. And the major factor contributing to low TFP growth has been the low and decreasing levels of saving and investments in the economy. Thus it is important to shift from traditional ways of production and move towards the modern techniques of accelerating output for the economy.

Do Farm Service Centers Improve Technical Efficiency of Chickpea Growers in Karak District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa – Pakistan

Khuram Nawaz Sadozai — 2024-11-15

The central theme of this research endeavor was to assess the impact of Farm Service Centers (FSCs) on the technical efficiency of chickpea growers in District Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Data were collected from chickpea growers, including both members and non-members of FSCs. Primary data were gathered from 120 chickpea growers in three villages of Karak district namely Meerzal Banda, Alam Gulkhel Banda, and Zariwaal Banda by using a multistage stratified random sampling technique. A Stochastic Frontier production function was applied to estimate technical efficiency. The results of the Stochastic Frontier Model indicated that most variables were statistically significant. The mean technical efficiency was calculated at 80%, suggesting that chickpea growers could improve their production by 17%. It is recommended that farmers may be supported with new technologies and essential inputs by the government, as these were significant contributors. Furthermore, Farm Service Centers should enhance their services and provide basic inputs at reasonable prices.

Smartphone Induced Anxiety: An Investigation into Nomophobia and Stress Levels Among Universities Students

Muzammila Akram — 2024-11-18

The aim of this research was to investigate the extent of nomophobia, anxiety, and stress among students attending both public and private universities in Bahawalpur. The objectives included identifying contributing factors, assessing the prevalence of these issues, and suggesting potential solutions. A sample of 436 students was chosen from a population of 89,805 using Morgan’s table, and data was collected via a survey employing a questionnaire. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS Version 2020 to compare means between public and private universities, while NVIVO software Version 2023 was utilized for analyzing responses to open-ended questions. The study revealed that a significant proportion (56.2%) of students experienced discomfort without constant access to their smartphones, indicating a notable prevalence of nomophobia. Furthermore, individuals affected by nomophobia reported heightened levels of stress and agitation, leading to social unease. Additionally, the study emphasized the importance of mobile phones as tools for research and information gathering, highlighting potential limitations faced by students lacking access to them. Based on these findings, recommendations were put forth to address these issues. Suggestions included engaging in mindfulness practices such as meditation or yoga to alleviate anxiety, finding alternative activities unrelated to mobile phones like exercise or reading, and encouraging outdoor pursuits to promote overall well-being. In summary, this study sheds light on the prevalence of nomophobia, anxiety, and stress among universities students and proposes strategies to mitigate these challenges, ultimately aiming to enhance students' well-being and academic success.